The main reason for the existence of climatic regions on our planet is the tilting of the Earth's vertical axes and the elliptic rotation of the Earth around the sun. This causes the amount of incoming solar radiation to vary throughout a year. As a result we have four seasons each lasting around 90 days.
'Greenhouse' gases are those that may contribute to the global average temperature of our atmosphere. Much research has been, and still is, done to try to understand these physics.
Doubling(!) the current level of greenhouse gases/ molecules hardly have any effect on our global temperature at all.
Excerpt from the document:
The forcings due to changing concentrations of Earth's five most important, naturally occurring greenhouse gases, H2O, CO2, O3, N2O and CH4 as well as CF4 and SF6 were evaluated for the case of a cloud-free atmosphere.
The most striking fact about radiation transfer in Earth's atmosphere is summarized by Fig. 3. Doubling the current concentrations of the greenhouse gases CO2, N2O and CH4 increases the forcings by a few percent for cloud-free parts of the atmosphere.
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